Se yamusutseko uburake bwiwe, kandi umwana yikoreye ico gihano atari kubwo:
- Ivyaha vyose vy’abantu bose, canke
- Ivyaha vyose vy’abantu bamwe, canke
- Ivyaha bimwe bimwe vy’abantu bose.
Nk’aho vyoshobora kuvugwa ko:
- Mu gihe iki canyuma coba ari ukuri, abantu bose barafise ivyaha bazokwishurako, kubw’ivyo, ntana bamwe bakeneye gukizwa.
- Mu gihe ica kabiri coba ari ukuri, ni ukuvuga ko Kristu yagiye mu kibanza co kubabazwa kwabo kubw’ivyaha vyose vy’abo bose batoranijwe mw’Isi yose, kandi uku ni ukuri.
- Ariko hamwe ica mbere naco coba ari ukuri, ni kubera iki abantu bose batazorokoka igihano c’ivyaha vyabo?
Urashobora kwishura uti kubera ukutizera. Ndabaza, mbega uku kutizera n’icaha canke si icaha? Nimba ari co, n’ukuvuga ko Kristu yababarijwe igihano caco, canke siko yabikoze. Nimba yarakibabarijwe, kubera iki ico bagifata ibisanzwe cane gusumvya ivyaha vyabo bindi yapfiriye? Nimba kitarimwo, ntiyapfiriye ivyaha vyabo vyose!
Dr. John Owen (1616-1683), Vice Chancellor of Oxford University (cf. “The Death of Death in the Death of Christ,” Works, vol. 10, pp. 173-174).
Augustine (354-430): “2. Ariko hampande yuru rukundo dutegerezwa kubamwo twihanganye muri ino Si yuzuye ugwanko. Kuko ari ngombwa ko yanka abo bose ibona bariko basubira inyuma mu vyo ikunda. Ariko Imana yatuboneye uburuhukiro bwiza bubereye muri yo nyene ihejeje kuvuga, “Ivyo ndabageze nuko mukundana, arongerako ati: ‘Ariko Isi niyabanka, mumenye ko nanje yabanje kunyanka [yarabanse]. Kubera iki none abakunzi bayo (Isi) bayirata hejuru y’uwayisizeho? Nubwo banka kuba mu mubiri, badashaka kuba kuba mu babazwa niyi Si barikumwe n’uwayisizeho. ‘Yesu aravuga, ni mwaba ab’Isi, Isi izoba ikunze icayo.’ Nico gituma yavuze uku kw’Ishengero ryose, iryo ku bwaryo nyene akunda kwita kenshi mw’izina ry’Isi: nk’igihe bivuzwe ko ‘Imana yari muri Kristu,yiyuzuza n’Isi muri we.’ Kandi nkuko biri: “Umwana w’Imana ntiyazanywe mw’Isi no gucira urubanza Isi ariko yaje kugira ngo Isi ikizwe biciye muri we.’ Yohani kandi arabivuga mu cete yanditse: ‘Dufise utuvugira kuri Data, Yesu Kritu umugororortsi: kandi niwe yacitse impongano y’ivyaha vyacu; kandi atari iyivyaha vyacu gusa, ariko no kuri abo bose bari mw’Isi.’ Isi yose iriko iravugwa aha rero ni Ishengero, kandi Isi yose yanka Ishengero. Twovuga rero ko Isi yanka Isi, Iyankana niyo yiyujeko, Iyari guhanwa niyo yakijijwe, Iyononekaye niyo yogejwe. 3. Ariko Iyo Si Imana yiyujujeko biciye muri Kristu, iyo yakijijwe na Kristu, kandi ivyaha vyayo bigaharirwa na Kristu, niyo yatoranijwe igakurwa mw’Isi yuzuye urwanko rw’umururazi, yamaze gutsindwa n’urubanza kandi yanduye. Kugira ngo muri ico kivunga, cose capfiriye muri Adam, Iharemere inzavya z’imbabazi, aho iyo Si yiyujujeko igizwe n’abansi banka Isi irimwo inzavya z’uburake zabumbwe kubw’ico kivunga cose kibereye guhona. Ubwa nyuma, ahejeje kuvuga, ‘Iyo muba muri abiyi Si, Isi yoba ikunze icayo,’ Yaciye ubwo nyene yongerako, ‘ariko kuko mutari ab’Isi, kuko nabatoranije mub’Isi, nico gituma Isi ibanka.’ Kandi koko aba bantu nabo nyene bari ab’Isi, kandi ko batazokwongera kuba abayo, batoranijwe ngo bayivemwo, bitavanye nuko bari babibereye bo nyene ubwabo kuko ata bikorwa vyiza bafise vyotuma bemerwa; kandi bitanavuye kubwa kamere yabo, itakigira uguhitamwo ico iciza kibereye, kuko yamaze kwononekara bikwiriye kubijanye n’iciza uhereye mu ntango: Ariko kubw’Ubuntu bwishi,nico gituma bakizwa n’ubuntu. Kuko uwahisemwo gukura Isi (Ishengero) mw’Isi nawe yarakozweko nayo (Isi, world) mu gihe co kuronka uwo Ihitamwo kuko: ‘Hariho amasigarira akizwa kuko ubuntu butoranya. Arongera kandi ati,nimba ari kubw’ubuntu, ‘mbega vyo bikivana n’ibikorwa vyishi vyiza? Hamwe vyoba ari uko Ubuntu ntibwoba bukiri Ubuntu’’’ (Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers, First Series, vol. VII, “Tractates on John,” Tractate LXXXVII, §2-3, John 15:17-19).
Augustine (354-430): “Nubwo ibirekuwe n’amategeko vyose gukora atari vyiza, ariko ikitarekuriwe n’amategeko cose gukora si ciza. Kandi nkuko uwariwe wese yacunguwe n’amaraso ya Kristu ari ikiremwa muntu, ariko si ibiremwa muntu vyose vyacunguwe n’amaraso ya Kristu, niko biri ikintu cose kitarekuwe n’amategeko si ciza, ariko ibintu vyose atari vyiza ntibisigura ko bitarekuwe n’amategeko. Nkuko tuvyigishwa n’intahe yashinzwe n’intumwe, hariho ibintu birekuwe n’amategeko ariko atari vyiza” (Works of Saint Augustine, Adulterous Marriages, Part 1, vol. 9, trans. Ray Kearney, ed. John E. Rotelle, O.S.A, O.P., Book One, 15, 16 [Hyde Park, NY: New City Press, 1999], p. 153).
Theodoret of Cyrrhus (393-466) on Hebrews 9:27-28: “Nkuko biri k’umuntu wese ko apfa rimwe, hama kandi umwe akemera itegeko ryashinzwe (death’s decree) ry’urupfu nta vyaha bikihari ariko arindiriye gusuzuma ivyo vyose vyakozwe umuntu akiriho. Rero Kristu umucunguzi, amaze kwitanga ku bwacu hamwe no gukuraho ivyaha vyacu, azokwongera kutugarukako, ata caha aduharurako. Bisigura ko ata caha kigifise ikibanza ku bantu vyerekeye. Aravuga we nyene ubwiwe ati mwibuke igihe yaragifise umubiri upfa, ‘Ntiyakoze icaha, nta n’ikinyoma cigeze gica no mu kanwa kiwe.’ Birakwiye gufatwa nka nkama vy’ukuri ko yikoreye ivyaha vya benshi, atari bose: Si bose bizera, yakuyeho ivyaha vy’abizera gusa” (Commentary on the Letters of St. Paul, trans. Robert Charles Hill, vol. 2 [Brookline, NY: Holy Cross Orthodox Press, 2001], p. 175).
Hilary of Arles (c. 401-449): “Igihe Yohani avuga ko Kristu yapfiriye ivyaha vy’abari ‘mw’Isi bose’ [I John 2:2], ibi bisigura ko yapfiriye Ishengero” (quoted in Gerald Bray [ed.], Ancient Christian Commentary on Scripture: New Testament, Vol. XI, James, 1-2 Peter, 1-3 John, Jude [Downers Grove, IL: InterVarsity Press, 2000], p. 177).
Bede (672/673-735) muri I John 2:1: “Umwami wacu aradusengera atari mu majambo ariko mu bigumbagumba vyo kudupfira (dying compassion), kuko yikoreye, agahanirwa ubwiwe ivyaha vy’abatoranijwe batari atagomvye ko bibatsinda” (quoted in Gerald Bray [ed.], Ancient Christian Commentary on Scripture: New Testament, Vol. XI, James, 1-2 Peter, 1-3 John, Jude [Downers Grove, IL: InterVarsity Press, 2000], p. 177).
Bede (672/673-735) muri I John 2:2: “Mu kuba umuntu kwiwe Kristu arasengera ivyaha vyacu imbere ya Data, ariko mu kuba Imana kwiwe yaraduhuje na Data. Sivyo gusa kuko ibi vyose ntiyabikoreye abo bonyene bari bariho igihe yapfa, ariko yarabikoreye ishengero ryose iryo yashize mu kibanza cose mw’Isi, kandi rikazokwemeza kuri buri muntu wese, uhereye ku wa mbere wo mu batoranijwe ugashitsa no ku wa nyuma azovuka mu gihe c’imperera, canyuma. Uyu murongo rero uriko wihaniza aba Donatists, bigisha ko Ishengero ry’ukuri ryategerezwa kugaragarira muri Africa gusa. Umwami asengera ivyaha vy’Isi yose, kuko Ishengero yaguze kubw’amaraso yiwe riri mu duce twose tugise Isi” (quoted in Gerald Bray [ed.], Ancient Christian Commentary on Scripture: New Testament, Vol. XI, James, 1-2 Peter, 1-3 John, Jude [Downers Grove, IL: InterVarsity Press, 2000], p. 178).
Martin Luther (1483-1546): “Kristu vyukuri ntiyapfiriye bose, kuko avuga ati: ‘ Aya ni amaraso yanje asesetse kubwanyu’ (Luke 22:20) no ‘ kubwa benshi’ (Mark 14:24)—ntiyavuze: kubwa bose—‘kubwo guharigwa ivyaha’ (Matthew 26:28)” (Lectures on Romans, trans. and ed. Wilhelm Pauck [Philadelphia, PA: The Westminster Press, 1961], p. 252).
